
INTERNATIONAL 



EXHIBITION. 



1876. 



UNITED STATES 



Centennial Commission 



CENTENNIAL 



BOARD OF FINANCE 




PHILADELPHIA 
May, 1876. 



MEMBERS 

OF THE 



States and Territories. 
ALABAMA, 

ARIZONA, 

ARKANSAS, 

CALIFORNIA, 

COLORADO, 

CONNECTICUT, 

DAKOTA, 

DELAWARE, 

DIST. OF COLUMBIA, 

FLORIDA, 

GEORGIA, 

IDAHO, 

ILLINOIS, 

INDIANA, 

IOWA, 

KANSAS, 

KENTUCKY, 

LOUISIANA, 

MAINE, 

MARYLAND, 



Commissioners. 

Richard M. Nelson, 
Selma, 

Richard C. Mccormick, 
Washington, D. C, 

George w. Lawrence, 
Hot Springs, 

J. Dunbar Creigh, 
San Francisco, 

J. MARSHALL PAUL, 
Fair Play, 

TOSEPH R. HAWLEY, 
Hartford, 

JOHN A. BURBANK, 
Springfield, 

John K. Kane, 



James E. Dexter, 
Washington, 

T. H. OSBORN, 

New York, 

George Hillyer, 
Atlanta, 

Thomas Donaldson, 
Boise City, 

Frederick L. Matthews, 
Carlinville, 

John L. Campbell, 

Crawfordsville, 

Robert Lowry, 

Davenport, 

JOHN A. MARTIN, 

Atchison, 

Robert Mallory, 
LaGrange, 

John Lynch, 
New Orleans, 

Joshua Nye, 
Augusta, 

JOHN H. B. LATROBE, 
Baltimore, 



Alternates. 

JAMES L. COOPER, 
Huntsville. 

John wasson, 
Tucson. 

George E. Dodge, 
Little Rock. 

Benjamin P. kooser, 
Santa Cruz. 

N. C. Meeker, 
Greeley, 

William P. Blake, 

New Haven, 

Solomon L. Spink, 
Yankton. 

John H. Rodney, 
New Castle. 

LAWRENCE A. GOBRIGHT, 

Washington. 

J. T. Bernard, 

Tallahassee. 

Richard Peters, Jr., 

Atlanta. 

Christopher W. Moore, 
Boise City. 

LAWRENCE WELDON, 
Bloomington. 

Franklin C. Johnson, 
New Albany. 

COKER F. CLARKSON, 
Eldora, 

George A. Crawford, 
Fort Scott. 

SMITH M. HOBBS, 
Mount Washington. 

Edward Penington, 

Philadelphia. 

Charles H. Haskell, 
Bangor. 

Samuel M. Shoemaker, 
Baltimore. 



States and Territories. 
MASSACHUSETTS, 

MICHIGAN, 

MINNESOTA, 

MISSISSIPPI, 

MISSOURI, 

MONTANA, 

NEBRASKA, 

NEVADA, 

NEW HAMPSHIRE, 

NEW JERSEY, 

NEW MEXICO, 

NEW YORK, 

NORTH CAROLINA, 

OHIO, 

OREGON, 

PENNSYLVANIA, 

RHODE ISLAND, 

SOUTH CAROLINA, 

TENNESSEE, 

TEXAS, 

UTAH, 

VERMONT, 

VIRGINIA, 

WASHINGTON TERR. 

WEST VIRGINIA, 

WISCONSIN, 

WYOMING, 



Commissioners. 

George B. Loring, 
Salem, 

JAMES BlRNEY, 

Bay City, 

J. Fletcher Williams, 
St. Paul, 

O. C. French, 
Jackson, 

JOHN MCNEIL, 
St. Louts, 

JOSEPH P. WOOLMAN, 

Helena, 

Henry S. Moody, 
Omaha, 

w.w. McCoy, 

Eureka, 

Ezekiel A. Straw, 

Manchester, 

Orestes Cleveland, 
Jersey City, 

Eldridge W. Little, 
Santa Fe, 

N. M. Beckwith, 
New York City, 

Samuel F. Phillips, 
Washington, D. C, 

Alfred T. Goshorn, 
Cincinnati, 

James W. Virtue, 
Baker City, 

DANIEL J. MORRELL, 

Johnstown, 

George h. Corliss, 

Providence, 

William Gurney, 

Charleston, 
Thomas H. Coldwell, 

Shelbyville, 
William H. Parsons, 

New York, 



Middleton Goldsmith, 

Rutland, 
F. W. M. HOLLIDAY, 

Richmond,. 

Elwood Evans, 

Olympia, 
Alexander R. Boteler, 

Shepherdstown, 
DAVID ATWOOD, 

Madison, 

JOSEPH M. CAREY, 

Cheyenne, 



Alternates. 

William B. Spooner, 
Boston. 

Claudius B. Grant, 
Houghton. 

W. W. FOLWELL, 
Minneapolis. 

M. Edwards, 
Gholson. 

SAMUEL HAYS, 

St. Louis. 

Patrick A. Largey, 
Virginia City. 

R. W. FURNAS, 
Brownsville. 

James w. Haines, 
Genoa. 

M. V. B. Edgerly, 

Manchester. 

John G. Stevens, 
Trenton. 

Stephen B. Elkins, 
Washington, D. C. 

C. P. Kimball, 

New York City. 

I ONATH AN W. ALBERTSON 

Hertford. 
Wilson w. Griffith, 

Toledo. 

ANDREW J. DUFUR, 
Portland. 

ASA PACKER, 

Mauch Chunk, 

Royal C. Taft, 
Providence. 

Archibald Cameron, 

Charleston. 
William F. Prosser, 

Nashville, 

John C. Chew, 
New York. 

Wm. Haydon, 

Salt Lake City. 
Henry Chase, 

Lyndon. 
Edmund R. Bagwell, 

Onancock. 

Alexanders. Abernethy 
Cowlitz County. 

Andrew J. Sweeney, 
Wheeling. 

Edward D. Holton, 

Milwaukee. 
Robert H. Lamborn. 

Philadelphia. 



OFFICERS. 



President : 
JOSEPH K. HAWLEY, 



Vice-Presidents 
OEESTES CLEVELAND, - 
JOHN D. CREIGH, 
ROBERT LOWRY, 
THOMAS H. COLDWELL, - 
JOHN McNEIL, - 
WM. GURNEY, - 



Secretary : 



JOHN L. CAMPBELL, 



Connecticut. 



New Jersey. 

California. 

Iowa. 

Tennessee. 
Missouri. 
South Carolina. 



Director General: 
ALFRED T. GOSHORN, - - Ohio. 



Indiana. 



Counsellor and Solicitor : 
JOHN L. SHOEMAKER, - - Philadelphia. 



Assistant Secretaries': 
MYER ASCH, .... Philadelphia. 
DORSE Y GARDNER, - - - Philadelphia. 



STANDING COMMITTEES. 



Executive Committee. 
DANIEL J. MORRELL, 
ALFRED T. GOSHORN, 
N. M. BECKWITH, . 
ALEX. R. BOTELER, 

r. c. Mccormick, . 

JOHN LYNCH, . 
C. P. KIMBALL, . 
*S. F. PHILLIPS, . 
GEORGE B. LORING, 
WM. P. BLAKE, 
JAMES E. DEXTER, 
J. T. BERNARD, 
FREDERICK L. MATTHEWS 



Pennsylvania 

Ohio 

New York 

West Virginia 

Arizona 

Louisiana 

Maine 

North Carolina 

Massachusetts 

Connecticut 

District of Columbia 

Florida 

Illinois 



Tariffs and Transportation. 

O. C. FRENCH, Mississippi 

W. H. PARSONS, Texas 

JOSHUA NYE, Maine 

W. F. PROSSER, Tennessee 

J. M. CAREY Wyoming 

Finance 

ASA PACKER, Pennsylvania 

J. L. COOPER, Alabama 

J. M. PAUL, Colorado 

E. R. BAGWELL, Virginia 

R. C TAFT, . Rhode Island 

S. M. SHOEMAKER, .... Maryland 

Foreign Affairs. 

J. L. CAMPBELL, Indiana 

J.G.STEVENS New Jersey 

R. H. LAMBORN Wyoming 

P. A. LARGEY, Montana 

G. HILLYER, Georgia 

S. B. ELKINS, New Mexico 

A.J.SWEENEY, . . . . . West Virginia 



8 



Opening Ceremonies. 



G. H. CORLISS, . 
J. G. STEVENS, . . 
F. W. M. HOLLIDAY, 
JAS. BIRNEY, . 
GEO. A. CRAWFORD, 
J. W. ALBERTSON, . 
R. PETERS, Jr., . 



Rhode Island 

New Jersey 

Virginia 

Michigan 

Kansas 

North Carolina 

Georgia 



r. c. Mccormick, 

D. ATWOOD, 
W. F. PROSSER, 
A. R. BOTELER, 
THOS. DONALDSON 
GEO. HILLYER, 



Legislation, 



Arizona * 

Wisconsin 

Tennessee 

West Virginia 

Idaho 

Georgia 



Classification. 

W. P. BLAKE, Connecticut 

N. M. BECKWITH, New York 

S. HAYS, Missouri 

C P. KIMBALL Maine 

J. A. MARTIN, . . . . . . Kansas 

E. PENINGTON . . . . . Louisiana 



Nominations of Secretaries of Departments. 

M. GOLDSMITH, . . . . . Vermont 

J. D. CREIGH, California 

J. M. CAREY, .Wyoming 

GEO. H. CORLISS, ..... Rhode Island 

S. M. HOBBS, ... . . '. . Kentucky 



Arts and Sciences. 

GEO. B. LORING, Massachusetts 

JAS. BIRNEY, . . . . . . Michigan 

W. W. FOLWELL, Minnesota 

S. M. HOBBS, .... . Kentucky 

WM. HAYDON, Utah 

L. A. GOBRIGHT, . . . . . District of Columbia 



Manufactures. 



O. CLEVELAND, 

D. J. MORRELL, 

E. A. STRAW, . 
W. B. SPOONER, 
W. W. GRIFFITH, 
GEO. A. CRAWFORD 
H. S. MOODY, . 



New Jersey 

Pennsylvania 

New Hampshire 

Massachusetts 

Ohio 

Kansas 

Nebraska 



History, Literature and Popular Education. 

D. ATWOOD, Wisconsin 

A. R. BOTELER, West Virginia 

J. LYNCH, Louisiana 

J. F. WILLIAMS, Minnesota 

E. EVANS, Washington Terr'y 

J. A. BURBANK Dakota 

G. E. DODGE Arkansas 



Commerce. 



F. L. MATTHEWS, Illinois 

C. B. GRANT, Michigan 

J. L. COOPER, . . . . . . Alabama 

A. J. DUFUR, Oregon 

JNO. McNEIL, Missouri 

J. H. RODNEY Delaware 



10 



Agriculture and Live Stock. 



R. LOWRY, 
A. J. DUFUR, 
N. C. MEEKER, 
R. MALLORY, 
E. W. LITTLE, 
L. WELDON, 
WM. GURNEY, 



Towa 

Oregon 

Colorado 

Kentucky 

New Mexico 

Illinois 

South Carolina 









Mines and Mining. 

W. W. McCOY, Nevada 

THOS. DONALDSON, .... Idaho 

J. D. CREIGH California 

J. WASSON, Arizona 

J. M. PAUL, Colorado 

SAM'L HAYS, Missouri 

J. P. WOOLMAN, ..... Montana 



Horticulture and Floriculture. 

F. C. JOHNSON, Indiana 

T. H. COLDWELL, Tennessee 

J. W. HAINES, Nevada 

C. F. CLARKSON, Iowa 

G. W. LAWRENCE, Arkansas 

B. P. KOOSER, California 

J. C. CHEW, Texas 



Fisheries and Fish Culture. 



M. GOLDSMITH, Vermont 

J. W. VIRTUE . Oregon 

E. PENINGTON, Louisiana 

J. C. CHEW, Texas 

S. L. SPINK Dakota 



BY-LAWS 

OF THE 
if 



AKTICLE I. 

OFFICIAL TITLE. 

This body shall be known as " The United States Cen- 
tennial Commission," as provided for by the Act of Congress 
approved March 3d, 1871, and the celebration, for the con- 
duct of which the Commission is appointed, shall be known 
as "The International Exhibition of 1876." 

AETICLE II. 

QUORUM. 

A quorum for the transaction of business, shall consist of 
the Commissioners representing not less than a majority of 
the States and Territories. 

AKTICLE III. 

POWER OF ALTERNATE COMMISSIONER. 

An Alternate Commissioner shall have all the powers of 
a Commissioner when the Commissioner is not present at any 
meeting. When the Commissioner is present, the Alternate 
shall have all the powers of a Commissioner, but shall have 
no vote. 

AETICLE IV. 

OFFICERS OF THE COMMISSION. 

The officers of the Commission shall consist of a President, 
six Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, and a Solicitor. Elections 
shall be by ballot, and shall be held during the annual session 
of the Commission in May, on such day of the session as the 
Commission shall, during its session, designate ; notice of which 
shall be given in open session, at least one day preceding the 
holding the election. In case of a failure to elect at the time 
specified, the officers then serving shall continue until the 
choice of their successors. 



12 
ARTICLE V. 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

An Executive Committee, to consist of thirteen members, 
shall be elected at the regular annual meeting of the Com- 
mission, who shall hold their offices one year, and until their 
successors are elected. 

When duly convened, five members shall constitute a 
quorum for business. It shall elect its own Chairman, appoint 
its own Clerk, and such agents and employees as it shall deem 
necessary, and define their duties. 

The Committee shall cause to be kept a journal of all its 
proceedings, transactions, and votes ; shall have power to make 
such rules and regulations for its own government as it may 
deem proper ; shall act without delay on all matters referred 
to it by the Commission ; and make report thereon to the 
Commission when in open session. 

During the sessions of the Commission, the Committee 
shall have all the powers usually exercised by the Executive 
Committees of corporate bodies ; and in the recess of the 
Commission, shall have all the powers and authority of this 
Commission. In case of a vacancy in the Committee during the 
recess of the Commission, the same shall be filled by the Presi- 
dent until action shall be taken thereon by the Commission. 

The rulings of the Commission on any subject connected 
with the Exhibition, shall be followed and carried out by the 
Executive Committee. 

The papers, books, and journal of its proceedings shall at 
all times be subject to examination by the Commission, or by 
any member thereof. 

The Standing and other Committees shall report to the 
Executive Committee, when so requested (provided that it is 
not during the session of the Commission), the progress of the 
work of such Committee. 

The Chairman of the Executive Committee is authorized 
to refer to any Committee such matters as may come before it, 
and which should appropriately have been, or ought to be re- 
ferred to the Committee during the recess of the Commission. 

The Executive Committee shall, at the beginning of each 
session of the Commission, make full report of the proceedings 
of the Committee. 






13 
AKTICLE VI. 

DIRECTOR GENERAL. 

For the more efficient conduct and management of the 
business of the Commission, the Executive Committee shall 
elect one of its own members, who shall be known and recog- 
nized as Director General ; whose office shall be at the head- 
quarters of the Commission in Philadelphia ; and whose 
duties, powers, and compensation, shall be fixed by said Com- 
mittee. 

AETICLE VII. 

DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT, 

The President shall preside at all meetings of the Com- 
mission; shall have all the authority and power of the presiding 
officer of a legislative body; shall appoint all committees, 
unless otherwise ordered ; shall call special meetings of the 
Commission on his own motion, or on the request of the 
Executive Committee, or on the request in writing of at least 
thirteen Commissioners, of which meetings not less than thirty 
days' notice shall be given to each member, by mail or tele- 
graph ; he shall be ex-officio member of all committees. 

AKTICLE VIII. 

DUTIES OF THE VICE-PRESIDENTS. 

A Vice-President shall, in the absence of the President, 
perform his duties, each taking precedence in accordance with 
the order of his election. 

AKTICLE IX. 

DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY. 

The Secretary shall conduct all correspondence of the 
Commission, and perform such duties as are incidental to the 
office of Treasurer; he shall receive and carefully file all 
documents relative to the business of the Commission ; he 
shall be present at the office of the Commission, in the City 
of Philadelphia, and carry out any orders of the Commission 
or the Executive Committee ; he shall keep minutes of all 
transactions, and at each meeting, or when required, report 
all matters of interest to the Commission and the Executive 
Committee. All books, documents, and papers in his possession 
shall at all times be open to the inspection of any member. 



14 
ARTICLE X. 

PAYMENT OF MONEYS. 

No money shall be drawn from the treasury of the Com- 
mission except on specific appropriations made by the Com- 
mission or the Executive Committee, under such rules and 
restrictions as the Executive Committee shall prescribe. 

ARTICLE XL 

STANDING COMMITTEES. 

There shall be appointed at each annual meeting, after 
the election of officers, the following-named committees, who 
shall serve until their successors are appointed : 

1. A Committee on Fiuance and Accounts. 

2. A Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. 

3. A Committee on Classification. 

4. A Committee on Foreign Affairs. 

5. A Committee on Opening Ceremonies. 

6. A Committee on Arts and Sciences. 

7. A Committee on Manufactures. 

8. A Committee on Mining. 

9. A Committee on History, Literature and Popular 
Education. 

10. A Committee on Commerce and Navigation. 

11. A Committee on Agriculture and Live Stock. 

12. A Committee on Legislation. 

13. A Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture. 

14. A Committee on Fisheries and Fish Culture. 

15. A Committee on Nomination of Secretaries of De- 
partments. 

Each Committee shall consist of seven members, and 
shall elect its own Chairman, of which notice shall be given 
to the Secretary. 

ARTICLE XII. 

STATED MEETINGS. 

The stated annual meeting of the Commission shall be 
held on the third Wednesday of May of each year, after 1873. 



15 
AETICLE XIII. 

AMENDMENTS TO BY-LAWS. 

Amendments to the By-Laws shall only be made^at a 
meeting of the Commission, as provided for in the fifth section 
of the Act of Congress. 

AETICLE XIV. 

COMMITTEE ON NOMINATION OF SECRETARIES OF DIVISIONS. 

Suitable persons shall be selected from time to time, as the 
necessities of the Exhibition shall require, to act as Secretaries 
of the various Divisions of the Exhibition, according to the 
classification ; and a Standing Committee of seven (7), to be 
selected by the Chair, shall be constituted, by which such 
Secretaries shall be nominated, subject to confirmation by the 
Executive Committee. 

AETICLE XV. 

LIMITATION OF TIME FOR OCCUPYING THE FLOOR. 

At the meetings of the Commission, no member shall 
occupy the floor longer than ten minutes, unless by Unanimous 
consent. 



Copy of Act of Congress creating the Commission, 
Approved March 3d, 1871. 



AN ACT 

To provide for celebrating the One Hundredth Anniversary of 
American Independence, by holding an International Exhi- 
bition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the Soil and 
Mine, in the City of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, 
in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six. 

Whereas, The Declaration of Independence of the 
United States of America was prepared, signed, and promul- 
gated in the year seventeen hundred and seventy- six, in the 
City of Philadelphia ; and, whereas, it behoves the people of 
the United States to celebrate, by appropriate ceremonies, the 
centennial anniversary of this memorable and decisive event, 
which constituted the fourth day of July, Anno Domini 
seventeen hundred and seventy-six, the birthday of the nation ; 
and, whereas, it is deemed fitting that the completion of the 
first century of our national existence shall be commemorated 
by an Exhibition of the natural resources of the country and 
their development, and of its progress in those arts which 
benefit mankind, in comparison with those of older nations ; 
and, whereas, no place is so appropriate for such an Exhibition 
as the city in which occurred the event it is designed to 
commemorate ; and, whereas, as the Exhibition should be a 
National Celebration, in which the psople of the whole country 
should participate, it should have the sanction of the Congress 
of the United States ; therefore, 

Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of 
Representatives of the United States of America in Congress 
assembled, That an Exhibition of American and Foreign Arts, 
Products and Manufactures, shall be held, under the auspices 
of the Government of the United States, in the City of Phila- 
delphia, in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six. 



17 

Section 2. That a Commission, to consist of not more 
than one delegate from each State, and from each Territory 
of the United States, whose functions shall continue until the 
close of the Exhibition, shall be constituted, whose duty it 
shall be to prepare and superintend the execution of a plan 
for holding the Exhibition ; and after conference with the 
authorities of the City of Philadelphia, to fix upon a suitable 
site within the corporate limits of the said city, where the 
Exhibition shall be held. 

Section 3. That said Commissioners shall be appointed 
within one year from the passage of this Act, by the President 
of the United States, on the nomination of the Governors of 
the States and Territories respectively. 

Section 4. That in the same manner there shall be 
appointed one Commissioner from each State and Territory 
of the United States, who shall assume the place and perform 
the duties of such Commissioner and Commissioners as may 
be unable to attend the meetings of the Commission. 

Section 5. That the Commission shall hold its meet- 
ings in the City of Philadelphia, and that a majority of its 
members shall have full power to make all needful rules for 
its government. 

Section 6. That the Commission shall report to Con- 
gress, at the first session after its appointment, a suitable date 
for opening and for closing the Exhibition ; a schedule of 
appropriate ceremonies for opening and dedicating the same ; 
a plan or plans of the buildings ; a complete plan for the 
reception and classification of articles intended for exhibition ; 
the requisite custom-house regulations for the introduction into 
this country of the articles from foreign countries intended 
for exhibition ; and such other matters as in their judgment 
may be important. 

Section 7. That no compensation for services shall be 
paid to the Commissioners or other officers provided by this 
Act, from the Treasury of the United States ; and the United 
States shall not be liable for any expenses attending such 
Exhibition, or by reason of the same. 



18 

Section 8. That whenever the President shall be in- 
formed by the Governor of the State of Pennsylvania that 
provision has been made for the erection of suitable buildings 
for the purpose, and for the exclusive control by the Commis- 
sion herein provided for of the proposed Exhibition, the 
President shall, through the Department of State, make 
proclamation of the same, setting forth the time at which the 
Exhibition will open and the place at which it will be held ; 
and he shall communicate to the diplomatic representatives 
of all nations copies of the same, together with such regulations 
as may be adopted by the Commissioners, for publication in 
their respective countries. 



Copy ot an Act of Congress creating the Centennial Board of Finance 
Approved June 1st, 1872. 



AN ACT 

Relative to the Centennial International Exhibition to be held in 
the City of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, in the year 
eighteen hundred and seventy-six. 

Whereas, Congress did provide by an Act entitled "An 
Act to provide for the celebrating the One Hundredth Anni- 
versary of American Independence, by holding an Interna- 
tional Exhibition of Arts, Manufactures, and Products of the 
Soil and Mine, in the City of Philadelphia, and State of 
Pennsylvania, in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six," 
approved March third, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, for 
the appointment of Commissioners to promote and control the 
Exhibition of the national resources and their development, 
and the nation's progress in arts which benefit mankind, and 
to suggest and direct appropriate ceremonies by which the 
people of the United States may commemorate that memorable 
and decisive event, the Declaration of American Independence 
by the Congress of the United Colonies, assembled in the City 
of Philadelphia, on the fourth day of July, Anno Domini 
seventeen hundred and seventy-six ; and, whereas, such pro- 
visions should be made for procuring the funds requisite for 
the purposes aforesaid, as will enable all the people of the 
United States, who have shared the common blessings resulting 
from national independence, to aid in the preparation and 
conduct of said International Exhibition, and memorial cele- 
bration under the direction of the Commissioners of the United 
State**; therefore, 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
the United States of America in Congress assembled, That there 
is hereby created a body corporate, to be known by the name 
of the Centennial Board of Finance, and by that name to have 



20 

an incorporate existence until the object for which it is formed 
shall have been accomplished ; and it shall be competent to 
sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, defend and be de- 
fended, in all courts of law and equity in the United States ; 
and may make and have a corporate seal, and may purchase, 
take, have, and hold, and may grant, sell, and at pleasure 
dispose of all such real and personal estate as may be required 
in carrying into effect the provisions of an Act of Congress, 
entitled "An Act to provide for celebrating the One Hundredth 
Anniversary of American Independence, by holding an Inter- 
national Exhibition of Arts and Manufactures, and Products 
of the Soil and Mine, in the City of Philadelphia, and State 
of Pennsylvania,in the year eighteen hundred and seventy-six/' 
approved March 3d, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, and 
all acts supplementary thereto ; and said Centennial Board of 
Finance shall consist of the following-named persons, their 
associates and successors, from the States and Territories as 
herein set forth. 

Here follows the names of Corporators. 

Section 2. That the said corporation shall have au- 
thority, and is hereby empowered to secure subscriptions of 
capital stock to an amount not exceeding ten million dollars, 
to be divided into shares of ten dollars each, and to issue to 
the subscribers of said stock certificates therefor under the 
corporate seal of said corporation, which certificates shall 
bear the signature of the President and Treasurer, and be 
transferable under such rules and regulations as may be made 
for the purpose. And it shall be lawful for any municipal or 
other corporate body existing by or under the laws of the United 
States, to subscribe and pay for shares of said capital stock ; 
and all holders of said stock shall become associates in said 
corporation, and shall be entitled to one vote on each share. 
And it shall be the duty of the United States Centennial 
Commission to prescribe rules to enable absent stockholders 
to vote by proxy. The proceeds of said stock, together with 
the receipts from all other sources, shall be used by said cor- 
poration for the erection of suitable buildings, with their 
appropriate fixtures and appurtenances, and for all other ex- 
penditures required in carrying out the objects of the said 



21 

Act of Congress of March third, eighteen hundred and seventy- 
one, and which may be incident thereto. And the said cor- 
poration shall keep regular minutes of its proceedings, and 
full accounts, with the vouchers thereof, of all the receipts 
and expenditures, and the same shall be always open to the 
inspection of the United States Centennial Commission, or 
any members thereof. 

Section 3. The books of subscription shall be opened 
by the United States Centennial Commission, under such 
rules as it may prescribe ; and an opportunity shall be given, 
during a period of one hundred days, to the citizens of each 
State and Territory to subscribe for slock to an amount not 
exceeding its quota, according to its population ; after which 
period of one hundred days, stock not taken may be sold to 
any person or persons, or corporation willing to purchase the 
same. 

Section 4. That after the expiration of said period of 
one hundred days, the United States Centennial Commission 
shall issue a call for a meeting by publication in one or more 
newspapers published at the capital of each State and Terri- 
tory, not less than thirty days prior thereto, of the corporators 
and all others who may then have subscribed for stock, to be 
held in the City of Philadelphia, for the purpose of electing a 
Board of Directors, to consist of twenty-five stockholders, 
whose term of office shall be one year, and until their succes- 
sors shall have been qualified ; at which meeting those who 
may be present in person or by proxy, of whom one hundred 
shall constitute a quorum, shall be competent to organize and 
elect said officers. The said Board of Directors, and every 
subsequent Board, shall be chosen by the stockholders, out of 
a list of one hundred stockholders, selected and nominated by 
the United States Centennial Commission. Nine members of 
the Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum for the 
transaction of business, but no election or change of officers 
shall take place unless at a meeting of the Board of Directors 
at which a majority shall be present. 

Section 5. That the said Board of Directors shall elect, 
from its own number, a president and two vice-presidents, 



22 

whose term of office shall be one year, and until their successors 
shall have been duly qualified, and shall appoint a treasurer, 
a secretary, and such other officers as may be required to 
carry out the purposes of the corporation ; which elected and 
appointed officers shall hold their respective offices during 
the pleasure of the Board, receiving such compensation as the 
Board may prescribe. And the Board shall also adopt such 
by-laws, rules and regulations, for its own government and 
for the government of its officers, as may be deemed expedient; 
Provided, That the same shall not be inconsistent with any 
Act of Congress or the rules adopted by the United States 
Centennial Commission. 

§ection 6. That as soon as the Board of Directors shall 
have been duly organized, as provided for in section five of 
this act, it shall be the duty of the United States Centennial 
Commission to deliver to the said Board all stock subscription 
books, with the papers and records of any kind in its posses- 
sion, pertaining to the same. 

Section 7. That the grounds for the Exhibition shall 
be prepared and the buildings erected by the said corporation 
in accordance with.the plans, which shall have been previously 
adopted by the United States Centennial Commission, and the 
rules and regulations of said corporation, governing rates for 
" entrance" and " admission" fees, or otherwise affecting the 
rights, privileges or interests of the exhibitors, or of the public, 
shall be fixed and established by the United States Centennial 
Commission ; and no grant conferring rights or privileges of 
any description connected with the said grounds or buildings, 
or relating to said Exhibition or celebration, shall be made 
without the consent of the United States Centennial Commis- 
sion; and said Commission shall have power to control, 
change or revoke all such grants, and shall appoint all judges 
and examiners, and award all premiums. 

Section 8. That the Centennial Board of Finance shall 
have authority to issue bonds, not in excess of its capital stock, 
and secure the payment of the same, principal and interest , 
by mortgage upon its property and prospective income. 

Section 9. That it shall be the duty of the Secretary 



23 

of the Treasury of the United States, as soon as practicable 
after the passage of this act, to cause to be prepared, in 
accordance with a design approved by the United State* 
Centennial Commission and the Secretary of the Treasury, a 
sufficient number of certificates of stock to meet the require- 
ments of this act ; and any person found guilty of counter- 
feiting, or attempting to counterfeit, or knowingly circulating 
false certificates of stock, herein authorized, shall be subject 
to the same pains and penalties as are or may be provided by 
law for counterfeiting United States currency ; but nothing 
in this act shall be so construed as to create any liability of 
the United States, direct or indirect, for any debt or obligation 
incurred, nor for any claim, by the Centennial International 
Exhibition, or the corporation hereby created, for aid or 
pecuniary assistance from Congress or the Treasury of the 
United States, in support or liquidation of any debts or 
obligations created by the corporation herein authorized : 
And provided, That nothing in this Act shall be so construed 
as to override or interfere with the laws of any State ; and all 
contracts made in any State for the purposes of the Centennial 
International Exhibition shall be subject to the laws thereof: 
And provided further, That no member of said Centennial 
Board of Finance assumes any personal liability for any 
debt or obligation which may be created or incurred by the 
corporation authorized by this act. 

Section 10. That as soon as practicable after the said 
Exhibition shall have been closed, it shall be the duty of said 
corporation to convert its property into cash, and, after the 
payment of all its liabilities, to divide its remaining assets 
among its stockholders, pro rata, in full satisfaction and 
discharge of its capital stock. And it shall be the duty of the 
United States Centennial Commission to supervise the closing 
up of the affairs of said corporation, to audit its accounts, 
and submit, in a report to the President of the United States, 
the financial results of the Centennial Exhibition. 

Section 11. That the Commission created by the act 
referred to in the preamble of this act, is hereby made and 
constituted a body politic and corporate in law, with power 
to. do such acts, and to enter into such obligations as may be 



24 

promotive of the purposes for which such Commission was 
established. Its title shall be the United States Centennial 
Commission. It shall have a common and corporate seal, 
and possess all the rights incident to corporate existence. 

Section 12. That the Alternate Commissioners ap- 
pointed pursuant to section four of the Act approved March 
third, eighteen hundred and seventy-one, referred to in the 
preamble to this act, shall have all the powers of a Commis- 
sioner when the Commissioner is not present at any meeting. 
When the Commissioner is present the Alternate may partici- 
pate in the debates and serve on committees, but shall have 
no vote. The appointment of all the Commissioners and 
Alternate Commissioners made since March third, eighteen 
hundred and seventy-two, are hereby ratified and confirmed ; 
and all vacancies now existing, or which may hereafter exist, 
whether by death, resignation, removal from the State or 
Territory, or otherwise, shall be filled, at any time hereafter, 
in like manner as is provided in said Act of March third, 
eighteen hundred and seventy-one, for the appointment of 
Commissioners. 

Section 13. That it shall be the duty of the United 
States Centennial Commission to make report, from time to 
time, to the President of the United States, of the progress 
of the work, and in a final report present a full exhibit of 
the result of the United States Centennial Celebration and 
Exhibition of eighteen hundred and seventy -six. 

Approved, June 1st, 1872. 



11UL. 



L 



DIRECTORS. 



JOHN WELSH, 
WILLIAM SELLERS, - . 
JOHN S. BARBOUR, 
SAMUEL M. FELTON, - 
DANIEL M. FOX, - 
THOMAS COCHRAN, - 
CLEMENT M. BIDDLE, 
N. PARKER SHORTRIDGE, 
JAMES M. ROBB, - 
EDWARD T. STEEL, - 
JOHN WANAMAKER, - 
JOHN PRICE WETHERILL, 
HENRY WTNSOR, - 
AMOS R. LITTLE, - 
JOHN O. JAMES, - 
THOMAS H. DUDLEY, - 
A. S. HEWITT, 
WM, L. STRONG, - 
JOHN CUMMINGS 
JOHN GORHAM, - - 
CHARLES W. COOPER, 
WILLIAM BIGLER, 
ROBERT M. PATTON, - 
JOHN B. DRAKE, - - 
GEORGE BAIN, - 



Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Virginia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

Philadelphia. 

New Jersey. 

New York. 

New York. 

Massachusetts. 

Rhode Island. 

Pennsylvania. 

Pennsylvania. 

Alabama. 

Illinois. 

Missouri. 



OFFICERS. 



President : 



JOHN WELSH, 



Philadelphia. 



Vice-Presidents :. 



WILLIAM SELLERS, 
JOHN S. BARBOUR, 



Philadelphia. 
Virginia. 



Secretary and Treasurer : 
FREDERICK FRALEY, - - - Philadelphia. 



Auditor : 
H. SEYMOUR LANSING, 



Philadelphia 



Architects : 

H. J. SCHWA RZMANN, 

HENRY PETTIT, 

J. M. WILSON, 

J. H. WINDRIM 



28 



Committee on Finance and Accounts 



JOHN PRICE WETHERILL. Chairman, 
HENRY WINSOR, EDWARD T. STEEL, 

CHARLES W. COOPER, JOHN GORHAM. 



Committee on Grounds, Plans and Buildings : 

THOMAS COCHRAN, Chairman, 
SAMUEL M. FELTON, CLEMENT M. BIDDLE, 

JAMES M. ROBB, WILLIAM SELLERS. 



Committee on Concessions : 
JOHN PRICE WETHERILL, Chairman, 
N. PARKER SHORTRIDGE, ROBERT M. PATTON, 
HENRY WINSOR. THOMAS H. DUDLEY. 



Committee of Revision and Supplies : 

CLEMENT M. BIDDLE, Chairman, 
JOHN PRICE WETHERILL, DANIEL M. FOX, 
EDWARD T. ST.EEL, AMOS R. LITTLE. 



Committee on Transportation, Customs Duties, £r*c. 
CLEMENT M. BIDDLE. Chairman, 
JOHN S. BARBOUR, HENRY WINSOR. 



Committee on Insurance : 

HENRY WINSOR, Chairman, 
JOHN PRICE WETHERILL, N. PARKER SHORTRIDGE 



Committee on Admissions ; 

AMOS R. LITTLE, Chairman 

EDWARD T. STEEL. 



Committee on Printing and Publishing . 

JAMES M. ROBB, Chairman, 

JOHN WANAMAKER. 



Committee on Music : 

EDWARD T. STEEL. Chairman, 
JOHN PRICE WETHERILL, AMOS R. LITTLE, 
THOMAS H. DUDLEY. 



Committee on Hotels : 

N. PARKER SHORTRIDGE, Chairman, 
HENRY WINSOR, JOHN PRICE WETHERILL 



Committee on Boarding Accommodations for Visitors 
DANIEL M. FOX, Chairman, 
JOHN PRICE WETHERILL, JAMES M. ROBB, 
N. PARKER SHORTRIDGE. 



BY-LAWS 



ARTICLE I. 

OFFICERS OF THE BOARD. 

The officers of the Board shall be a President and two 
Vice-Presidents, whose term of office shall be one year, and 
until their successors shall be chosen. 

AKTICLE II. 

QUORUM. 

Nine members of the Board of Directors shall constitute 
a quorum for the transaction of business, but no election or 
change of officers shall be made, except at a meeting of the 
Board of Directors, at which a majority shall be present. 

ARTICLE III. 

ELECTION OF TREASURER. 

A Treasurer shall be elected annually by the Board, but 
shall hold his office at the pleasure of the Board. 

ARTICLE IV. 

ELECTION OF SECRETARY. 

A Secretary shall be elected annually by the Board, but 
shall hold his office at the pleasure of the Board. 

ARTICLE V. 

DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT. 

The President shall preside at all meetings of the Board, 
and shall appoint all Committees, unless otherwise directed 
and shall, at his own discretion, or by request of any two 
Directors, call special meetings of the Board at such time as 



30 

he may deem the same expedient, on one day's notice. He 
shall be ex-officio a member of all standing Committees, and 
shall have all the power and authority incident to his office. 
In the absence of the President, a Vice-President, if 
either be present, shall perform his duties, and in their absence 
the Board may appoint a President pro tern. 

AETICLE VI. 

DUTIES OF THE TREASURER. 

The Treasurer shall place all moneys of the Centennial 
Board of Finance, in such depositories as shall be selected by 
the .Board, and no moneys shall be drawn from the depositories 
or paid by the Treasurer, except on warrants ordered to be 
drawn by the Board, which warrants shall be signed by the 
President or by the Chairman of the Finance Committee, and 
shall be attached to the check of the Treasurer. He shall 
keep an account of all receipts and expenditures, and shall 
report at each stated meeting of the Board the balance in each 
depository. 

He shall also report quarterly to the Board, or oftener if 
required, a detailed statement of all receipts and expenditures. 

His books shall at all times be open to the inspection of 
any member of the Board, or of the United States Centennial 
Commission. 

In addition to his duties as Treasurer, he shall also per- 
form such other services as the Board may prescribe. 

ARTICLE VII. 

DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY. 

The Secretary shall receive, file and carefully preserve 
all papers, property of the Board, and shall attend the meet- 
ings of the Board, or any of its Committees, when requested ; 
shall keep minutes of the proceedings of the Board or any of 
its Committees, and shall discharge such other duties as the 
Board or its President may direct. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

The President, Vice-Presidents, and the Chairman of the 



several Standing Committees, shall constitute an Executive 
Committee, and shall have full authority, under the direction 
of the Board, to take such action in regard to its business as a 
majority of said Committee may deem necessary or expedient, 
and report it to the next succeeding meeting of the Board. 

AKTICLE IX. 

As soon as practicable after the organization oi the Board, 
by the election of its officers, the President shall appoint a 
Committee of Finance and Accounts, of five Directors ; and 
such other Committees as the Directors may from time to time 
order. 

AKTICLE X. 

DUTIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON FINANCE AND ACCOUNTS. 

The Committee on Finance and Accounts shall consider 
and report on all subjects relating to the providing, reception, 
custody and payment of moneys, and shall supervise and di- 
rect the Treasurer in regard to his duties, shall examine his 
accounts at least once in every month, compare the vouchers 
with his entry, and report the result to the Board. 

AKTICLE XL 

STATED MEETINGS. 

Stated meetings of the Board shall be held at such times 
as may from time to time be fixed by resolutions of the Direc- 
tors, and special meetings shall be held at any time on the 
order of the President. 

At all meetings of the Board, business shall be presented 
in order as follows : 

1. Koll call. 

2. Keading minutes of previous meetings for correction 
or approval. 

3. Keport of Secretary. 

4. Keport of Treasurer. 

5. Keport of Standing Committees, in order. 

6. Keport of Special Committees. 

7. Unfinished or postponed business. 

8. Any other business. 



32 

All reports shall be made in writing, and all motions and 
resolutions, if the President so direct, shall be made in writing. 

No member of the Board shall occupy the floor in debate 
more than five minutes, except by unanimous consent of the 
Board. 

ARTICLE XII. 

VACANCIES. 

Vacancies in the Board or its offices may be filled by 
election by the Board, from nominations made at the next 
preceding meeting. 

ARTICLE XIII. 

AMENDMENTS. 

Additions or amendments to these by-laws may be made 
at any stated meeting of the Board next following that when 
such additions or amendments may have been proposed, but 
no amendments or change in the by-laws shall be made except 
at a meeting at which a majority of the Board shall be present, 
and all the Directors shall have been notified by the Secretary 
of the proposed change or addition, and it shall require the 
vote of two-thirds of those present to approve such amend- 
ments. 

ARTICLE XIV. 

RULES OF ORDER AND PARLIAMENTARY LAW. 

The meetings of this Board shall be conducted according 
to the rules of parliamentary proceedings in Cushing's Manual. 



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P 019 928 052 



